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Alpine climate is the typical climate for elevations above the tree line, where trees fail to grow due to cold. This climate is also referred to as a mountain climate or highland climate . Definition
The climate of the Alps is the climate, or average weather conditions over a long period of time, of the exact middle Alpine region of Europe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] As air rises from sea level to the upper regions of the atmosphere the temperature decreases .
An alpine tree line is the highest elevation that sustains trees; higher up it is too cold, or the snow cover lasts for too much of the year, to sustain trees. [2]: 151 The climate above the tree line of mountains is called an alpine climate, [14]: 21 and the habitat can be described as the alpine zone. [15]
A number of locations around the Earth have alpine climate. The climate of some of these locations is described, below. For tropical oceanic locations, such as the summit of Mauna Loa, elev. 13,679 ft (4,169 m), the temperature is roughly constant throughout the year:
Alpine tundra is a type of natural region or biome that does not contain trees because it is at high elevation, with an associated harsh climate. As the latitude of a location approaches the poles, the threshold elevation for alpine tundra gets lower until it reaches sea level, and alpine tundra merges with polar tundra .
The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are A (tropical), B (arid), C (temperate), D (continental), and E (polar).
The Alpine region area contains 82 peaks higher than 4,000 m (13,000 ft). The altitude and size of the range affect the climate in Europe; in the mountains, precipitation levels vary greatly and climatic conditions consist of distinct zones.
In this article, we discuss the 25 coldest countries in the world. You can skip our detailed analysis of the climate classification system, and go directly to the 5 Coldest Countries in the World.