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Hydrocephalus can occur due to birth defects or be acquired later in life. [1] Associated birth defects include neural tube defects and those that result in aqueductal stenosis. [1] [4] Other causes include meningitis, brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, intraventricular hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Cerebral edema is commonly seen in a variety of brain injuries including ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subdural, epidural, or intracerebral hematoma, hydrocephalus, brain cancer, brain infections, low blood sodium levels, high altitude, and acute liver failure.
Damage to the Broca's area and the Wernicke's area of the brain (left side) typically causes problems with speech and language. Damage to the right side of the brain may interfere with the ability to express emotions or interpret what one sees. Damage on either side can cause paralysis of the opposite side of the body. [citation needed]
Despite the reduced brain matter, the man lived a relatively normal life; he was a married civil servant with two kids. He also scored an IQ of 75 which is considered low but not disabled.
Cerebral atrophy can be hard to distinguish from hydrocephalus because both cerebral atrophy and hydrocephalus involve an increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume. In cerebral atrophy, this increase in CSF volume comes as a result of the decrease in cortical volume. In hydrocephalus, the increase in volume happens due to the CSF itself. [20]
However, some studies also argue that cases of aqueductal stenosis not involving a brain tumor are actually a result of communicating hydrocephalus, rather than a cause of it. When a patient has communicating hydrocephalus, the lateral ventricles and medial parts of the temporal lobes expand and compress the aqueduct.
Danny Bonaduce has undergone a successful brain surgery amid his hydrocephalus diagnosis -- a neurological disorder caused by liquid buildup in his brain. The actor's friend, Paul Anderson, told ...
An increase in pressure, most commonly due to head injury leading to intracranial hematoma or cerebral edema, can crush brain tissue, shift brain structures, contribute to hydrocephalus, cause brain herniation, and restrict blood supply to the brain. [13] It is a cause of reflex bradycardia. [14]