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Muscimol (also known as agarin or pantherine) is one of the principal psychoactive constituents of Amanita muscaria and related species of mushroom. Muscimol is a potent and selective orthosteric agonist for the GABA A receptor [ 3 ] and displays sedative-hypnotic , depressant and hallucinogenic [ citation needed ] psychoactivity .
Ibotenic acid or (S)-2-amino-2-(3-hydroxyisoxazol-5-yl)acetic acid, also referred to as ibotenate, is a chemical compound and psychoactive drug which occurs naturally in Amanita muscaria and related species of mushrooms typically found in the temperate and boreal regions of the northern hemisphere.
An active dose in adults is approximately 6 mg muscimol or 30 to 60 mg ibotenic acid; [56] [57] this is typically about the amount found in one cap of Amanita muscaria. [58] The amount and ratio of chemical compounds per mushroom varies widely from region to region and season to season, which can further confuse the issue.
As with other Amanita muscaria, the inzengae variety contains ibotenic acid, and muscimol, two psychoactive constituents which can cause effects such as hallucinations, synaesthesia, euphoria, dysphoria and retrograde amnesia. The effects of muscimol and ibotenic acid most closely resemble that of any GABAergic compound, but with a dissociative ...
Ibotenic acid is mostly broken down into the body to muscimol, but what remains of the ibotenic acid is believed [2] to cause the majority of dysphoric effects of consuming A. muscaria mushrooms. Ibotenic acid is also a scientifically important neurotoxin used in lab research as a brain-lesioning agent in mice. [3] [4]
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Amanita muscaria var. formosa, known as the yellow orange fly agaric, is a hallucinogenic and poisonous [1] basidiomycete fungus of the genus Amanita.This variety, which can sometimes be distinguished from most other A. muscaria by its yellow cap, is a European taxon, although several North American field guides have referred A. muscaria var. guessowii to this name. [2]
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