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  2. Claim (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claim_(philosophy)

    A claim is a substantive statement about a thing, such as an idea, event, individual, or belief. It's truth or falsity is open to debate. It's truth or falsity is open to debate. Arguments or beliefs may be offered in support, and criticisms and challenges of affirming contentions may be offered in rebuttal.

  3. The Philosophy of Composition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Philosophy_of_Composition

    "The Philosophy of Composition" first appeared in Graham's American Monthly Magazine of Literature and Art, April 1846, Philadelphia "The Philosophy of Composition" is an 1846 essay written by American writer Edgar Allan Poe that elucidates a theory about how good writers write when they write well. He concludes that length, "unity of effect ...

  4. A Defence of Common Sense - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Defence_of_Common_Sense

    "A defence of common sense" is a 1925 essay by philosopher G. E. Moore. In it, he attempts to refute absolute skepticism (or nihilism) by arguing that at least some of our established beliefs about the world are absolutely certain, so they can be legitimately called "facts". Moore argues that these beliefs are common sense.

  5. Argumentation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argumentation_theory

    A statement authorizing movement from the ground to the claim. In order to move from the ground established in 2, "I was born in Bermuda", to the claim in 1, "I am a British citizen", the person must supply a warrant to bridge the gap between 1 and 2 with the statement "A man born in Bermuda will legally be a British citizen" (3). Backing

  6. Philosophy and literature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_and_literature

    Philosophy and literature involves the literary treatment of philosophers and philosophical themes (the literature of philosophy), and the philosophical treatment of issues raised by literature (the philosophy of literature). The philosophy of literature, a subset of aesthetics, examines the nature of art and the significance of verbal arts ...

  7. Argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument

    A statement form can be shown to be a logical truth by either (a) showing that it is a tautology or (b) by means of a proof procedure. The corresponding conditional of a valid argument is a necessary truth (true in all possible worlds ) and so the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises, or follows of logical necessity.

  8. An Apology for Poetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Apology_for_Poetry

    In an era of antipathy to poetry and puritanical belief in the corruption engendered by literature, Sidney's defense was a significant contribution to the genre of literary criticism. It was England's first philosophical defense in which he describes poetry's ancient and indispensable place in society, its mimetic nature, and its ethical function.

  9. Literary theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_theory

    Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. [1] Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history , moral philosophy, social philosophy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning . [ 1 ]