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An endothermic process is a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. [1] In terms of thermodynamics , it is a thermodynamic process with an increase in the enthalpy H (or internal energy U ) of the system. [ 2 ]
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction. Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a ...
Reactions can be exothermic, where ΔH is negative and energy is released. Typical examples of exothermic reactions are combustion, precipitation and crystallization, in which ordered solids are formed from disordered gaseous or liquid phases. In contrast, in endothermic reactions, heat is consumed from the environment. This can occur by ...
As water is heated with starch granules, gelatinization occurs, involving an endothermic reaction. [8] The initiation of gelatinization is called the T-onset. T-peak is the position where the endothermic reaction occurs at the maximum. T-conclusion is when all the starch granules are fully gelatinized and the curve remains stable.
An endotherm (from Greek ἔνδον endon "within" and θέρμη thermē "heat") is an organism that maintains its body at a metabolically favorable temperature, largely by the use of heat released by its internal bodily functions instead of relying almost purely on ambient heat.
Van 't Hoff plot for an endothermic reaction. For an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed, making the net enthalpy change positive. Thus, according to the definition of the slope: =, When the reaction is endothermic, Δ r H > 0 (and the gas constant R > 0), so
The net reaction can be an endothermic process, or in the case of spontaneous decompositions, an exothermic process. The stability of a chemical compound is eventually limited when exposed to extreme environmental conditions such as heat , radiation , humidity , or the acidity of a solvent .
Breaking solvent-solvent attractions (endothermic), for instance, that of hydrogen bonding Forming solvent-solute attractions ( exothermic ), in solvation . The value of the enthalpy of solvation is the sum of these individual steps.