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The Australian People: An Encyclopedia of the Nation, its People and their Origins (2002) Excerpt about Sydney; Markus, Andrew, James Jupp and Peter McDonald, eds. Australia's Immigration Revolution (2010) Excerpt and text search; O'Farrell, Patrick. The Irish in Australia: 1798 to the Present Day (3rd ed. Cork University Press, 2001)
Its legal institutions and traditions are substantially derived from that of the English legal system, which superseded Indigenous Australian customary law during colonisation. [1] Australia is a common-law jurisdiction, its court system having originated in the common law system of English law. The country's common law is the same across the ...
Australia was the first country in the world to launch electronic visas. [12] Australia officially ceased the issuance of visa stickers on 1 September 2015, and all visas are issued and recorded electronically. [10] From July 2017, the use of outgoing departure cards ceased.
The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a state and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of that polity; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation. [3]
As of 30 June 2010, DIAC estimated that the number of visa overstayers in Australia was around 53,900, or 0.2 per cent of the Australian population. [3] In 2018, it was reported more than 60,000 foreigners are living illegally in Australia, [4] and by 2021 it was reported that increased to more than 100,000. [5]
The right to take collective action, including the "right to strike" within "the laws of the particular country" is a universal right in international law. [138] However, Australian law is one of the most restrictive on unions' freedom to take action to protect members' interests, and progressive restrictions on voice at work have matched a ...
Among the various common law jurisdictions, some Americans have presented a visceral and vocal reaction to the Gutnick decision. [48] On the other hand, the decision mirrors similar decisions in many other jurisdictions such as England, Scotland, France, Canada and Italy. In 2006, uniform defamation laws came into effect across Australia. [49]
The Marriage Act 1961 (Cth) was the first federal law on the matter and set uniform Australia-wide rules for the recognition and solemnisation of marriages. In its current form, the Act recognises only monogamous (heterosexual or same-sex) marriages and does not recognise any other forms of union, such as traditional Aboriginal marriages [ 1 ...