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Masada (Hebrew: מְצָדָה məṣādā, 'fortress'; Arabic: جبل مسعدة) [1] is an ancient fortification in southern Israel, situated on top of an isolated rock plateau, akin to a mesa. It is located on the eastern edge of the Judaean Desert , overlooking the Dead Sea 20 km (12 miles) east of Arad .
The siege of Masada was one of the final events in the First Jewish–Roman War, occurring from 72 to 73 CE on and around a hilltop in present-day Israel.The siege is known to history via a single source, Flavius Josephus, [3] a Jewish rebel leader captured by the Romans, in whose service he became a historian.
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'"Mountain of the Little Paradise"') is an ancient fortress located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of Jerusalem and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southeast of Bethlehem. It is located between the villages of Beit Ta'mir, Za'atara and Jannatah. It is identified with the site of Herodium, built by King of Judea Herod the Great between 23 and 15 BCE.
'Mukawir Castle') [1] [2] was a Hasmonean hilltop palace and desert fortress, now in ruins, located in the village of Mukawir in modern-day Jordan, 25 km (16 mi) southeast of the mouth of the Jordan River on the eastern side of the Dead Sea. [3] Machaerus was built by Hasmonean king Alexander Jannaeus (r. 104–78 BCE).
The fortress of Masada is called in Hebrew "Metzadá" (מצדה), but Yitzhak Lamdan, although writing in Hebrew, used the name as it is known from the works of Josephus, "Masada" (מסדה). Lamdan's poem was extremely influential among Zionist Jews at the time the kibbutz was established.
Masada Remains of Roman camp F near Masada. Lucius Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus was a late-1st-century Roman general, governor of the province of Iudaea and consul. [1] Silva was the commander of the army, composed mainly of the Legio X Fretensis, in 72 AD that laid siege to the near-impregnable mountain fortress of Masada, occupied by a group of Jewish rebels dubbed the Sicarii by Flavius himself.
The Palace-fortress; The Lower Herodium complex; Herod's Tomb; The palace-fortress at Masada (37–15 BC) Machaerus, Hasmonean fortress rebuilt by Herod in 30 BC; Antipatris, named by Herod in memory of his father, Antipater; Cypros Palace near Jericho, named by Herod in memory of his mother, Cypros; Alexandrium, a Hasmonean palace which Herod ...