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The age of each other, including the slight age difference, affects whether or not to use honorifics. Korean language speakers in South Korea and North Korea, except in very intimate situations, use different honorifics depending on whether the other person's year of birth is one year or more older, or the same year, or one year or more younger.
Each Korean speech level can be combined with honorific or non-honorific noun and verb forms. Taken together, there are 14 combinations. Some of these speech levels are disappearing from the majority of Korean speech. Hasoseo-che is now used mainly in movies or dramas set in the Joseon era and in religious speech. [1]
For translation and creative writing, there is restrictive use of third-person pronouns"geu"(그) and "geu-nyeo" (그녀). A gender-neutral third person pronoun, geu (그), which was originally a demonstrative, meaning 'that' could mean she or he. The second has been coined in the combination of the demonstrative "geu" (그) [geu] "that" and ...
Literal meaning Gender Usage Examples Notes chí / ché: 姊: elder sister female suffix Mary-chí: The honorific chí or ché is usually added right after one's name, and it shows a "sister-like" respect. hiaⁿ: 兄: elder brother male suffix John-hiaⁿ: The honorific hiaⁿ is usually added right after one's name, and it shows a "brother ...
This suggests that if the South Korean preference for male babies is weakened, balancing the gender ratio, the negative effect on the birth rate may be removed. [8] The South Korean fertility rate of 1.8 children per woman was below the OECD average fertility rate of 2 children per woman in 1984 and has remained below average since then. [9]
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In respect much can be said on the differences on how to conduct oneself as a male South Korean and a female South Korean. The bow is the traditional Korean greeting, although it is often accompanied by a handshake among men. To show respect when shaking hands, support your right forearm with your left hand. South Korean women usually nod slightly.
Sino-Korean words constitute a large portion of South Korean vocabulary, the remainder being native Korean words and loanwords from other languages, such as Japanese and English to a lesser extent. Sino-Korean words are typically used in formal or literary contexts, [5] and to express abstract or complex ideas. [7]