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A posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is a condition of the eye in which the vitreous membrane separates from the retina. [1] It refers to the separation of the posterior hyaloid membrane from the retina anywhere posterior to the vitreous base (a 3–4 mm wide attachment to the ora serrata).
Peripheral (posterior) vitreous detachment occurs when the gel around the eye separates from the retina. This can naturally occur with age. However, if it occurs too rapidly, it can cause photopsia which manifests in flashes and floaters in the vision. Typically, the flashes and floaters go away in a few months.
As one gets older, pockets of fluid can develop in the vitreous. When these pockets develop near the back of the eye, the vitreous can pull away from the retina and possibly tear it. [2] Posterior vitreous detachment accounts for 3.7–11.7% of vitreous hemorrhage cases. [1]
Retinal detachment is typically painless, with symptoms often starting in the peripheral vision. [3] [9] [10] Symptoms of retinal detachment, as well as posterior vitreous detachment (which often, but not always, precedes it), may include: [3] [4] [9] [10] [12] Floaters suddenly appearing in the field of vision or a sudden increase in the ...
If these liquid pockets are close enough to the interface between the vitreous gel and the retina, they can cause complete separation of the vitreous from the retina in a normally occurring process in older humans called posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). PVD in of itself is not dangerous and a natural process. [citation needed]
Epiretinal membrane or macular pucker is a disease of the eye in response to changes in the vitreous humor or more rarely, diabetes.Sometimes, as a result of immune system response to protect the retina, cells converge in the macular area as the vitreous ages and pulls away in posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).
Vitreomacular traction syndrome (VTS) is a medical condition in the eye that is the result of tractional forces (pulling) being placed on the retina. [1] [2] VTS is common in people who have an incomplete posterior vitreous detachment, a type of retinal detachment at the periphery of the retina. [1]
The ultimate release of the vitreous around the optic nerve head sometimes makes a large floater appear, usually in the shape of a ring ("Weiss ring"). [15] Posterior vitreous detachment is more common in people who: are nearsighted; have undergone cataract surgery or clear lens extraction; have had Nd:YAG laser surgery of the eye;