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Louis XVI (Louis Auguste; French: [lwi sɛːz]; 23 August 1754 – 21 January 1793) was the last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution. The son of Louis, Dauphin of France (son and heir-apparent of King Louis XV ), and Maria Josepha of Saxony , Louis became the new Dauphin when his father died in 1765.
On 3 September 1791, the National Constituent Assembly forced King Louis XVI to accept the French Constitution of 1791, thus turning the absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy. After the 10 August 1792 Storming of the Tuileries Palace , the Legislative Assembly on 11 August 1792 suspended this constitutional monarchy. [ 2 ]
Louis XVI's order to surrender. At that moment the battalions of the Faubourg Saint-Antoine arrived, and the reinforced insurgents pushed the Swiss back into the palace. Louis, hearing from the manége the sound of firing, wrote on a scrap of paper: "The King orders the Swiss to lay down their arms at once, and to retire to their barracks." To ...
For some hours the king and queen were in the utmost peril. With passive courage Louis refrained from making any promise to the insurgents. [8] The failure of the insurrection encouraged a movement in favour of the king. Some twenty thousand Parisians signed a petition expressing sympathy with Louis.
On 17 July, Louis visited Paris accompanied by 100 deputies, where he was greeted by Bailly and accepted a tricolore cockade to loud cheers. However, it was clear power had shifted from his court; he was welcomed as 'Louis XVI, father of the French and king of a free people.' [49]
Louis XVI and his family being transferred to the Temple Prison on 13 August 1792. Engraving by Jacques François Joseph Swebach-Desfontaines, 1792.. Following the attack on the Tuileries Palace during the insurrection of 10 August 1792, King Louis XVI was imprisoned at the Temple Prison in Paris, along with his wife Marie Antoinette, their two children and his younger sister Élisabeth.
Louis XVI in his coronation robes, by Antoine Callet. The Coronation of Louis XVI the King of France took place at Reims Cathedral on 11 June 1775 which fell on Trinity Sunday. [1] [2] Louis XVI had come to the throne the previous year in succession to his grandfather Louis XV who had reigned for 59 years.
David P. Jordan, The King's Trial – Louis XVI vs. the French Revolution, University of California Press, 1979. ISBN 0-520-04399-5. Pfeiffer, Laura Belle (1913). The Uprising of June 20, 1792. University of Nebraska. Trapp, Joseph (1793). Proceedings of the French National Convention on the Trial of Louis XVI.