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  2. Bureaucracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy

    Bureaucracy (/ b j ʊəˈr ɒ k r ə s i /; bure-OK-rə-see) is a system of organization where decisions are made by a body of non-elected officials. [1] Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. [ 2 ]

  3. List of forms of government - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government

    Term Description Examples Autocracy: Autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power (social and political) is concentrated in the hands of one person or polity, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d'état or mass insurrection).

  4. The Administrative State - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Administrative_State

    The Administrative State is Dwight Waldo's classic public administration text based on a dissertation written at Yale University.In the book, Waldo argues that democratic states are underpinned by professional and political bureaucracies and that scientific management and efficiency is not the core idea of government bureaucracy, but rather it is service to the public.

  5. Bureaucrat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucrat

    Bureaucrats can be split into different categories based on the system, nationality, and time they come from. Classical – someone who starts at a low level of public work and does not have to express opinions of their own in their professional capacities. They follow policy guidelines and gain increasing ranks within the system.

  6. Rational-legal authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational-legal_authority

    This type of authority has the confidence to leave the right of leaders to undertake the decisions and set the policy. Rational-legal authority is the basis of modern democracies. Examples of this type of authority: officials elected by voters, rules that are in the constitution, or policies that are written in a formal document.

  7. Types of democracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_democracy

    Semi-direct democracy – representative democracy with instruments, elements, and/or features of direct democracy. Sociocracy – a democratic system of governance based on consent decision making, circle organization, subsidiarity, and double-linked representation. Socialist democracy – a political system which aligns socialism with

  8. Public choice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_choice

    Building upon economic theory, public choice has a few core tenets. One is that no decision is made by an aggregate whole. Rather, decisions are made by combined individual choices. A second is the use of markets in the political system. [8] A third is the self-interested nature of everyone in a political system.

  9. Deliberative democracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliberative_democracy

    Deliberative democracy or discursive democracy is a form of democracy in which deliberation is central to decision-making. Deliberative democracy seeks quality over quantity by limiting decision-makers to a smaller but more representative sample of the population that is given the time and resources to focus on one issue.