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Carving schools balanced producing art for their own people with commercial works, with many of the most successful being Te Arawa (Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Pikiao and Ngāti Tarāwhai), located near Rotorua, during the tourism boom to the area in the 1870s, with an increased need for carved works such as the model village at Whakarewarewa, and ...
The National Wood Carving school, Te Wānanga Whakairo Rākau o Aotearoa, was opened in 1967 and has since restored and built over 40 whare whakairo around New Zealand. The first Tumu (head) of the Carving school was the late renowned Tohunga Whakairo (Master Carver), Hone Taiapa .
Also called a whare rūnanga ("meeting house") or whare whakairo (literally "carved house"), the present style of wharenui originated in the early to middle nineteenth century. The houses are often carved inside and out with stylized images of the iwi's (or tribe's) ancestors, with the style used for the carvings varying from tribe to tribe ...
Although in an essentially traditional style, this carving was created using metal tools and uses modern paints, creating a form distinct from that of pre-European times. Māori visual art consists primarily of four forms: carving ( whakairo ) , tattooing ( tā moko ), weaving ( raranga ), and painting ( kōwhaiwhai ). [ 7 ]
Toi whakairo or just whakairo is the Māori traditional art of carving [98] in wood, stone or bone. Some surviving whakairo, or carvings, are over 500 years old. Wood carvings were used to decorate houses, fence-poles, containers, taiaha, tool handles, and other objects. Large-scale stone-face carvings were sometimes created.
Raharuhi Rukupō (c. 1800s – 29 September 1873), also known by his anglicised name Lazarus Rukupō, was a notable Māori tribal leader and carver of New Zealand. The New Zealand government described him as "one of the greatest tohunga whakairo (expert carvers) of the 19th century."
It is generally built to represent the spiritual connection between the tribe and their ancestors and thus each poupou is carved with emblems of the tohunga whakairo’s (carver's) particular lineage. [1] The poupou may also be decorated with representations of the tribe's ancestral history, legends and migration stories to New Zealand. [2]
The classic phase of Māori culture (1350–1769) was characterized by a more developed tribal society expressing itself clearly in wood carving and architecture. The most spectacular building type was the whare-whakairo, or carved meeting house. This building was the focus of social and symbolic Maori assemblies, and made visible a long tribal ...