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The Indian Signing System or Indian Sign System (ISS) is a convention for manually coded language used in India. [1] It uses the words (signs) of Indian Sign Language with the word order and grammar of at least six official oral languages of India, including Urdu (Signed Urdu), Hindi (Signed Hindi), Marathi (Signed Marathi), Telugu (Signed Telugu) [2] and Tamil (Signed Tamil).
As Plains Indian Sign Language was widely understood among different tribes, a written, graphic transcription of these signs is known to have functioned as a medium of communication between Native Americans on and off reservations during the period of American colonization, removal, and forced schooling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
For example, braille ⠅ (the consonant K) renders print क ka, and braille ⠹ (TH), print थ tha. To indicate that a consonant is not followed by a vowel (as when followed by another consonant, or at the end of a syllable), a halant (vowel-cancelling) prefix is used: ⠈ ⠅ ( ∅–K ) is क् k , and ⠈ ⠹ ( ∅–TH ) is थ् th .
The orthography of this script reflects the pronunciation of the language. [14] Unlike the Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case . [ 15 ] It is written from left to right, has a strong preference for symmetrical rounded shapes within squared outlines, and is recognisable by a horizontal line, known as a ...
From "Deafblind Manual Alphabet", on Deafblind Information, Senses Australia (links added): "Variations of this alphabet is used in some dialects of Indo-Pakistani Sign Language. "Other forms of manual deafblind alphabet are used around the world - eg. The Lorm Deafblind Manual Alphabet (Belgium). [1] In some countries, eg.
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For the most part, IAST is a subset of ISO 15919 that merges the retroflex (underdotted) liquids with the vocalic ones (ringed below) and the short close-mid vowels with the long ones. The following seven exceptions are from the ISO standard accommodating an extended repertoire of symbols to allow transliteration of Devanāgarī and other Indic ...
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu) pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.