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A thin hologram [1]: Section 4.1 is one where the thickness of the recording medium is much less than the spacing of the interference fringes which make up the holographic recording. The thickness of a thin hologram can be down to 60 nm by using a topological insulator material Sb 2 Te 3 thin film. [9]
A holographic recording requires a second light beam (the reference beam) to be directed onto the recording medium. A photograph can be viewed in a wide range of lighting conditions, whereas holograms can only be viewed with very specific forms of illumination. When a photograph is cut in half, each piece shows half of the scene.
A halo (from Ancient Greek ἅλως (hálōs) 'threshing floor, disk') [1] is an optical phenomenon produced by light (typically from the Sun or Moon) interacting with ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. Halos can have many forms, ranging from colored or white rings to arcs and spots in the sky.
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Ordinary holograms are three-dimensional images encoded in a two-dimensional surface, such as the hologram on a typical credit card. "This time, the entire universe is encoded," he said.
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Unlike conventional wavefront holograms, specular holograms do not depend on wave optics, photographic media, or lasers. The principle of operation is purely one of geometric optics: A point light source produces a glint on a curved specular (shiny) surface; this glint appears to travel on the surface as the eye or light source moves.
Electron holography is holography with electron matter waves.It was invented by Dennis Gabor in 1948 when he tried to improve image resolution in electron microscope. [1] The first attempts to perform holography with electron waves were made by Haine and Mulvey in 1952; [2] they recorded holograms of zinc oxide crystals with 60 keV electrons, demonstrating reconstructions with approximately 1 ...