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Thus, an endothermic reaction generally leads to an increase in the temperature of the system and a decrease in that of the surroundings. [1] The term was coined by 19th-century French chemist Marcellin Berthelot. [3] The term endothermic comes from the Greek ἔνδον (endon) meaning 'within' and θερμ- (therm) meaning 'hot' or 'warm'. [4]
Van 't Hoff plot for an endothermic reaction. For an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed, making the net enthalpy change positive. Thus, according to the definition of the slope: =, When the reaction is endothermic, Δ r H > 0 (and the gas constant R > 0), so
A reaction with ∆H°<0 is called exothermic reaction while one with ∆H°>0 is endothermic. Figure 8: Reaction Coordinate Diagrams showing favorable or unfavorable and slow or fast reactions [7] The relative stability of reactant and product does not define the feasibility of any reaction all by itself.
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction. Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a ...
Thermochemistry is useful in predicting reactant and product quantities throughout the course of a given reaction. In combination with entropy determinations, it is also used to predict whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous, favorable or unfavorable. Endothermic reactions absorb heat, while exothermic reactions release heat ...
The reaction of silver nitrate with chloride is strongly exothermic. For instance, the reaction enthalpy of Ag + with Cl − is a high −61.2 kJ/mol. This permits convenient determination of chloride with commonly available standard 0.1 mol/L AgNO 3. Endpoints are very sharp, and with care, chloride concentrations down to 15 mg/L can be analyzed.
The result of a DSC experiment is a curve of heat flux versus temperature or versus time. There are two different conventions: exothermic reactions in the sample shown with a positive or negative peak, depending on the kind of technology used in the experiment. This curve can be used to calculate enthalpies of transitions. This is done by ...
In thermochemistry, a thermochemical equation is a balanced chemical equation that represents the energy changes from a system to its surroundings.One such equation involves the enthalpy change, which is denoted with In variable form, a thermochemical equation would appear similar to the following: