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  2. Hydraulic roughness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_roughness

    It quantifies the impact of surface irregularities and obstructions on the flow of water. One roughness coefficient is Manning's n-value. [2] Manning's n is used extensively around the world to predict the degree of roughness in channels. The coefficient is critical in hydraulic engineering, floodplain management, and sediment transport studies.

  3. Manning formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manning_formula

    Note: the Strickler coefficient is the reciprocal of Manning coefficient: Ks =1/ n, having dimension of L 1/3 /T and units of m 1/3 /s; it varies from 20 m 1/3 /s (rough stone and rough surface) to 80 m 1/3 /s (smooth concrete and cast iron). The discharge formula, Q = A V, can be used to rewrite Gauckler–Manning's equation by substitution for V.

  4. Flow in partially full conduits - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_in_partially_full...

    However, an important assumption is taken that Manning’s Roughness coefficient ‘n’ is independent to the depth of flow while calculating these values. Also, the dimensional curve of Q/Q(full) shows that when the depth is greater than about 0.82D, then there are two possible different depths for the same discharge, one above and below the ...

  5. Hazen–Williams equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazen–Williams_equation

    S foot of water per foot of pipe; P d = pressure drop over the length of pipe in psig (pounds per square inch gauge pressure) L = length of pipe in feet; Q = flow, gpm (gallons per minute) C = pipe roughness coefficient; d = inside pipe diameter, in (inches) Note: Caution with U S Customary Units is advised. The equation for head loss in pipes ...

  6. Chézy formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chézy_formula

    This similarity between the Chézy and Manning formulas shown above also means that the standardized Manning coefficients may be used to estimate open channel flow velocity with the Chézy formula, [1] [2] [7] by using them to calculate the Chézy's coefficient as shown below. Manning derived [5] the following relationship between Manning ...

  7. EPANET - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPANET

    Chezy-Manning formula: used to model pressurized flow by using Chezy's roughness coefficients for Manning's equation; Since the pipe segment headloss equation is used within the network solver, the formula above is selected for the entire model.

  8. Darcy friction factor formulae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy_friction_factor_formulae

    The Reynolds number Re is taken to be Re = V D / ν, where V is the mean velocity of fluid flow, D is the pipe diameter, and where ν is the kinematic viscosity μ / ρ, with μ the fluid's Dynamic viscosity, and ρ the fluid's density. The pipe's relative roughness ε / D, where ε is the pipe's effective roughness height and D the pipe ...

  9. Hardy Cross method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy_Cross_method

    The Hardy Cross method assumes that the flow going in and out of the system is known and that the pipe length, diameter, roughness and other key characteristics are also known or can be assumed. [1] The method also assumes that the relation between flow rate and head loss is known, but the method does not require any particular relation to be used.