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Wood Cabinets "Wood cabinets that are grimey clean up much better with an oil wood cleaner because, as chemistry teaches us, 'like dissolves like,'" says Greene. She advises first using a cleaner ...
A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and −196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect liquids after distillation , to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator , or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature ...
Broadly, modern glass container factories are three-part operations: the "batch house", the "hot end", and the "cold end". The batch house handles the raw materials; the hot end handles the manufacture proper—the forehearth, forming machines, and annealing ovens; and the cold end handles the product-inspection and packaging equipment.
The raw material (often wood or straw) still has to be pre-treated to make it amenable to hydrolysis. [31] In 2005, Iogen Corporation announced it was developing a process using the fungus Trichoderma reesei to secrete "specially engineered enzymes" for an enzymatic hydrolysis process.
Steam cracker units are facilities in which a feedstock such as naphtha, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), ethane, propane or butane is thermally cracked through the use of steam in steam cracking furnaces to produce lighter hydrocarbons. The propane dehydrogenation process may be accomplished through different commercial technologies.
Most diethyl ether is produced as a byproduct of the vapor-phase hydration of ethylene to make ethanol.This process uses solid-supported phosphoric acid catalysts and can be adjusted to make more ether if the need arises: [9] Vapor-phase dehydration of ethanol over some alumina catalysts can give diethyl ether yields of up to 95%.
A process of heating oil shale to produce shale oil, oil shale gas, and spent shale is commonly called retorting. Airtight vessels to apply pressure as well as heat are called autoclaves . In the food industry , pressure cookers are often referred to as "retorts", meaning " canning retorts" for sterilization under high temperature (116–130 °C).
Greater deviations from Raoult's law make it easier to achieve significant changes in relative volatility with the addition of another component. In azeotropic distillation the volatility of the added component is the same as the mixture, and a new azeotrope is formed with one or more of the components based on differences in polarity. [ 2 ]