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Three cleavage-based voting factors, or individual differences impacting voting behavior, focused on in existing research are religion, class, and gender. [12] In recent years, voting cleavage has shifted from concerns of Protestant vs Catholic religions to have a larger focus on religious vs non-religious leanings. [12]
The American Voter, published in 1960, is a seminal study of voting behavior in the United States, authored by Angus Campbell, Philip Converse, Warren Miller, and Donald E. Stokes, colleagues at the University of Michigan.
For many years, voter turnout was reported as a percentage; the numerator being the total votes cast, or the votes cast for the highest office, and the denominator being the Voting Age Population (VAP), the Census Bureau's estimate of the number of persons 18 years old and older resident in the United States.
Simply put, you cannot assess how groups of individuals changed their voting behavior by looking at data from counties or even precincts unless the group in question makes up almost all of the ...
Transportation access can have a major impact on voting behavior. Nearly half of eligible voters didn't cast a ballot in 2020, and more than 780,000 directly cited "transportation problems" as ...
It thus enables research on attitudes and voting behavior in the context of a rise of parties campaigning on anti-establishment messages and in opposition to "out groups". [5] Module 5 includes 56 election studies conducted in 45 countries. Survey data collection for module 6 is ongoing, with the survey to be administered between 2021 and 2026.
The initial research saw three major factors to voting behaviour: Personal identification with one of the political parties, concern with issues of national government policy, and personal attraction to the presidential candidates. Later, their analysis saw that party identification and attachment were the most common factors. [1]
Although there are several possible research designs to analyze networks in political context, the relevance of networks in shaping electoral choices has been approached in three main manners – all being observational research designs. [9] Firstly, most of the authors follow the data gathering technique and research design of Columbia Studies.