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The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters by Francisco Goya is interpreted to be a statement on irrationalism. [1]Irrationalism is a philosophical movement that emerged in the early 19th century, [2] emphasizing the non-rational dimension of human life.
Rationalism has a philosophical history dating from antiquity.The analytical nature of much of philosophical enquiry, the awareness of apparently a priori domains of knowledge such as mathematics, combined with the emphasis of obtaining knowledge through the use of rational faculties (commonly rejecting, for example, direct revelation) have made rationalist themes very prevalent in the history ...
Rationality is the quality of being guided by or based on reason.In this regard, a person acts rationally if they have a good reason for what they do, or a belief is rational if it is based on strong evidence.
Existential nihilism is the philosophical theory that life has no objective meaning or purpose. [1] The inherent meaninglessness of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of existentialism, where one can potentially create their own subjective "meaning" or "purpose".
The term nihilism was first introduced to philosophy by Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743–1819), who used the term to characterize rationalism, [46] and in particular Spinoza's determinism and the Aufklärung, in order to carry out a reductio ad absurdum according to which all rationalism (philosophy as criticism) reduces to nihilism—and thus ...
This page was last edited on 30 May 2024, at 16:00 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply ...
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Freethought (sometimes spelled free thought) is an unorthodox attitude or belief. [1]A freethinker holds that beliefs should not be formed on the basis of authority, tradition, revelation, or dogma, [2] and should instead be reached by other methods such as logic, reason, and empirical observation.