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2. List of emeralds by size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emeralds_by_size

   Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be 3 Al 2 (SiO 3) 6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium. [1] Beryl has a hardness of 7.5–8 on the Mohs scale. [1] Most emeralds are highly included, [2] so their toughness (resistance to breakage) is classified as generally poor. Emerald is a cyclosilicate.

3. List of sapphires by size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sapphires_by_size

   Sapphires are a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminum oxide (α-Al 2 O 3) with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, chromium, copper, or magnesium. It is typically blue, but natural "fancy" sapphires also occur in yellow, purple, orange, and green colors; "parti sapphires" show two or more colors.

4. List of rubies by size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rubies_by_size

   A ruby is a pink to blood-red colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminium oxide). Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires. Ruby is one of the traditional cardinal gems, together with amethyst, sapphire, emerald, and diamond. [1] The word ruby comes from ruber, Latin for red.

5. List of pearls by size - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_pearls_by_size

   The Pearl of Lao Tzu for a long time thought to be the largest pearl, but claims about its size and much of its history were found to be fabricated by a conman by the name of Victor Barbish. [2] Other pearls like the Centaur Pearl, most likely the largest gem pearl at 856.58 carats (171.316 g), have just recently emerged from private ...

6. List of individual gemstones - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_individual_gemstones

   Bahia Emerald [2]; Carolina Emperor, [3] [4] 310 carats uncut, 64.8 carats cut; discovered in the United States in 2009, resides in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, US

7. List of minerals - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_minerals

   Sapphire (gem corundum of any color except red, especially blue varieties) Sard (a variety of chalcedony/quartz) Satinspar (a variety of gypsum) Selenite (a variety of gypsum) Simetite (a variety of amber) Smoky quartz (a brown or black variety of quartz) Soda niter (synonym of nitratine) Spectrolite (a variety of labradorite) Spessartite ...