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Laurell Technologies WS-400 spin coater used to apply photoresist to the surface of a silicon wafer. Spin coating is a procedure used to deposit uniform thin films onto flat substrates. Usually a small amount of coating material in liquid form is applied on the center of the substrate, which is either spinning at low speed or not spinning at all.
Trim/appearance package: May include special paint colors, upgraded interior trim pieces (often made from aluminum, chrome or timber), and exterior decals. In past decades, appearance packages have also included two-tone paint, pin striping , bumpers painted the same color as the vehicle body, and vinyl roof covers.
For example, a whole car has been coated with spray assembly, optically transparent films have been prepared with spin assembly, etc. [1] Characterization of LbL film deposition is typically done by optical techniques such as dual polarisation interferometry or ellipsometry or mechanical techniques such as quartz crystal microbalance.
A man vacuuming the interior of an automobile in the Netherlands, 1916. Auto detailing is an activity that keeps the vehicle in its best possible condition, primarily cosmetic, as opposed to mechanical. Detailing is achieved by removing visible and invisible contaminants from the vehicle's interior and polishing the exterior to its original ...
Body in white, partially outfitted to highlight the safety systems fitted to the vehicle. Body in white (BIW) is the stage in automobile manufacturing in which a car body's frame has been joined together, that is before painting and before the motor, chassis sub-assemblies, or trim (glass, door locks/handles, seats, upholstery, electronics, etc.) have been integrated into the structure.
There are four basic parameters that are involved in spin coating: solution viscosity, solid content (density), angular speed, and spin time. [13] A range of thicknesses can be achieved by spin coating. Most commonly the thicknesses range from 1-200 μm. The main properties that affect the thickness of the film are viscosity and spin speed.
Robotic arm applying paint on car parts. Automotive paint is paint used on automobiles for both protective and decorative purposes. [1] [2] Water-based acrylic polyurethane enamel paint is currently the most widely used paint for reasons including reducing paint's environmental impact. Modern automobile paint is applied in several layers, with ...
Dip coating is similar to spin coating in that a liquid precursor or sol-gel precursor is deposited on a substrate, but in this case the substrate is completely submerged in the solution and then withdrawn under controlled conditions. By controlling the withdrawal speed, the evaporation conditions (principally the humidity, temperature) and the ...