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  2. Simplex algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplex_algorithm

    The new tableau is in canonical form but it is not equivalent to the original problem. So a new objective function, equal to the sum of the artificial variables, is introduced and the simplex algorithm is applied to find the minimum; the modified linear program is called the Phase I problem.

  3. TK Solver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TK_Solver

    Konopasek's goal in inventing the TK Solver concept was to create a problem solving environment in which a given mathematical model built to solve a specific problem could be used to solve related problems (with a redistribution of input and output variables) with minimal or no additional programming required: once a user enters an equation, TK ...

  4. Buffon's needle problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon's_needle_problem

    Similar to the examples described above, we consider x, y, φ to be independent uniform random variables over the ranges 0 ≤ x ≤ a, 0 ≤ y ≤ b, − ⁠ π / 2 ⁠ ≤ φ ≤ ⁠ π / 2 ⁠. To solve such a problem, we first compute the probability that the needle crosses no lines, and then we take its complement.

  5. Boolean satisfiability problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem

    Since a XOR b XOR c evaluates to TRUE if and only if exactly 1 or 3 members of {a,b,c} are TRUE, each solution of the 1-in-3-SAT problem for a given CNF formula is also a solution of the XOR-3-SAT problem, and in turn each solution of XOR-3-SAT is a solution of 3-SAT; see the picture. As a consequence, for each CNF formula, it is possible to ...

  6. Banach's matchbox problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banach's_matchbox_problem

    Banach's match problem is a classic problem in probability attributed to Stefan Banach. Feller [ 1 ] says that the problem was inspired by a humorous reference to Banach's smoking habit in a speech honouring him by Hugo Steinhaus , but that it was not Banach who set the problem or provided an answer.

  7. Solver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solver

    The General Problem Solver (GPS) is a particular computer program created in 1957 by Herbert Simon, J. C. Shaw, and Allen Newell intended to work as a universal problem solver, that theoretically can be used to solve every possible problem that can be formalized in a symbolic system, given the right input configuration.

  8. List of unsolved problems in statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    There are many longstanding unsolved problems in mathematics for which a solution has still not yet been found. The notable unsolved problems in statistics are generally of a different flavor; according to John Tukey, [1] "difficulties in identifying problems have delayed statistics far more than difficulties in solving problems."

  9. LP-type problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LP-type_problem

    Locality: for every two sets A ⊆ B ⊆ S and every element x in S, if f(A) = f(B) = f(A ∪ {x}), then f(A) = f(B ∪ {x}). A basis of an LP-type problem is a set B ⊆ S with the property that every proper subset of B has a smaller value of f than B itself, and the dimension (or combinatorial dimension) of an LP-type problem is defined to be ...