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The European harmonium developed in the 18th century, inspired by the Chinese sheng, a gourd mouth organ. [3] Various types of European harmoniums and reed-organs arrived in India in the 19th century, some were brought by missionaries. [2] [1] The Indian harmonium is derived from reed organ designs developed in France.
The Harmonium replaced the Sarangi in the early 20th century and went through tough times as it first was banned as accompanying instrument by All India Radio (A.I.R). Hindustani classical music exponents such as Walawalkar (and many others) established the Harmonium as solo instrument in Indian Classical music. [3] [10]
The portable, hand-pumped Indian harmonium, adapted by Indians from Western designs like the guide-chant in the 19th century, soon became a major instrument on the Indian Subcontinent. The Indian harmonium is widely used by Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims for devotional genres like qawwali , ghazal , kirtan and bhajan .
Nóirín Ní Riain (born 12 June 1951) is an Irish singer, writer, teacher, theologian, and authority on Gregorian Chant (plainchant, plainsong). She is primarily known for spiritual songs, [1] but also sings Celtic music, sean-nós and Indian songs. Nóirín plays an Indian harmonium (surpeti), shruti box and feadóg (whistle).
Harmonium or parlor organ: a reed instrument, usually with several stops and two foot-operated bellows. American reed organ: similar to the Harmonium, but that works on negative pressure, sucking air through the reeds. Melodeon: a reed instrument with an air reservoir and a foot-operated bellows. It was popular in the US in the mid-19th century.
[3] [4] He has taken harmonium from accompanied instrument to solo, with different experiments with it. [5] [6] He has been trying to popularise folk music and providing platform for the neglected forms of music too. [7] work and career events [8] He edited a book to pay tribute to his Guru Appasaheb Jalgonkar, named Sursakha, which was ...
Passionate about the study and development of the Harmonium, Sudhir curated an exhibition of antique Harmoniums from his personal vintage collection, along with providing information about the history and the status of the Harmonium, in the International Music Festival 'Baajaa Gaajaa- 2009", which was appreciated by many reputed personalities ...
Chant practices vary. In the Theravada tradition, chanting is usually done in Pali, and mainly from Pāli Canon. Tibetan Buddhist chant involves throat singing, where multiple pitches are produced by each performer. The concept of chanting mantras is of particular significance in many Hindu traditions and other closely related Indian religions.