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Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism ...
It is also used to treat high blood calcium due to cancer and adrenal insufficiency along with other steroids. [3] It is taken by mouth. [3] Common side effects may include cataracts, bone loss, easy bruising, muscle weakness, and thrush. [3] Other side effects include weight gain, swelling, high blood sugar, increased risk of infection, and ...
Glucocorticoids cause immunosuppression, and the therapeutic component of this effect is mainly the decreases in the function and numbers of lymphocytes, including both B cells and T cells. The major mechanism for this immunosuppression is through inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells . NF-κB is a ...
Although it is a structural analogue of tacrolimus, it acts somewhat differently and has different side-effects. Contrary to ciclosporin and tacrolimus, drugs that affect the first phase of T lymphocyte activation, sirolimus affects the second phase, namely signal transduction and lymphocyte clonal proliferation.
Common side effects with the inhaled form include respiratory infections, cough, and headaches. [16] Common side effects with the pills include feeling tired, vomiting, and joint pains. [16] Serious side effects include an increased risk of infection, loss of bone strength, and cataracts. [16]
Some common side effects include burning and stinging sensations. [10] [11] [21] [25] Colour change of the skin, bump formation on the skin and additional hair growth could also occur. [11] [19] Consult a doctor if these side effects persist or become worse. [11] [19] Some severe side effects are severe rash, swelling of the skin, and skin ...
[2] [specify] Using the spray or inhaler at higher than recommended doses or with other corticosteroids can increase the risk for serious, systemic corticosteroid induced side effects. [2] [3] These side effects include weakened immune system, increased risk of systemic infections, osteoporosis, and elevated pressure in the eyes. [19]
Other serious side effects can include low immune-system function, cataracts, muscle weakness, and mood changes. [3] Whether use of fludrocortisone during pregnancy is safe for the fetus is unknown. [5] Fludrocortisone is mostly a mineralocorticoid, but it also has glucocorticoid effects. [3] Fludrocortisone was patented in 1953. [6]