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Magnesium carbonate is ordinarily obtained by mining the mineral magnesite. Seventy percent of the world's supply is mined and prepared in China. [9] Magnesium carbonate can be prepared in laboratory by reaction between any soluble magnesium salt and sodium bicarbonate: MgCl 2 (aq) + 2 NaHCO 3 (aq) → MgCO 3 (s) + 2 NaCl(aq) + H 2 O(l) + CO 2 (g)
The water content of most compounds can be determined with a knowledge of its formula. An unknown sample can be determined through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) where the sample is heated strongly, and the accurate weight of a sample is plotted against the temperature.
Magnesium perchlorate is a white powder that is easily soluble in water, which can be obtained by the reaction of magnesium oxide and perchloric acid. The hexahydrate crystallizes from the solution, and then it is dried with phosphorus pentoxide in a vacuum at 200~250 °C to obtain the anhydrous form.
Hydromagnesite thermally decomposes in three stages releasing water and carbon dioxide. [5] [6] The first stage starting at about 220 °C, is the release of the four molecules of water of crystallisation. This is followed at about 330 °C by the decomposition of the hydroxide ion to a further molecule of water.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
Artinite is a hydrated basic magnesium carbonate mineral with formula: Mg 2 (CO 3)(OH) 2 ·3H 2 O. It forms white silky monoclinic prismatic crystals that are often in radial arrays or encrustations. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 2.
It represents the pentahydrate of magnesium carbonate, and has the total formula MgCO 3 ·5H 2 O . [2] Landsfordite was discovered in 1888 in a coal mine in Lansford, Pennsylvania. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group P2 1 /c [3]) and typically occurs as colorless to white prismatic crystals and stalactitic masses. [4]
In the first publications on mesoporous magnesium carbonate, the material was given the name Upsalite as a reference to Uppsala University and the city of Uppsala, using the Latin spelling with one p. Today, Upsalite is a registered trademark, and in general the material class is designated as mesoporous magnesium carbonates.