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The dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve (or posterior nucleus of vagus nerve or dorsal vagal nucleus or nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi or nucleus posterior nervi vagi) [1] is a cranial nerve nucleus of the vagus nerve (CN X) situated in the medulla oblongata of the brainstem ventral to the floor of the fourth ventricle.
The vagus is the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous system in the human body and comprises both sensory and motor fibers. The sensory fibers have their nuclei either in the jugular or the nodose ganglion, whereas the motor fibers come from neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the nucleus ambiguus. [2]
The dorsal branch of the vagus nerve originates in the dorsal motor nucleus and is postulated by polyvagal theory to be the phylogenetically older branch. [1] This branch is unmyelinated and exists in most vertebrates.
Micrograph of the posterior portion of the open part of the medulla oblongata, showing the fourth ventricle (top of image) and the hypoglossal nucleus (medial - left of image) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (lateral - right of image). H&E-LFB stain. Hypoglossal nucleus (XII) - motor; Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (X ...
The area postrema makes up part of the dorsal vagal complex, which is the critical termination site of vagal afferent nerve fibers, along with the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the NTS. Nausea is most likely induced via stimulation of the area postrema via its connection to the NTS, which may serve as the beginning of the pathway ...
Vagovagal reflex refers to gastrointestinal tract reflex circuits where afferent and efferent fibers of the vagus nerve [1] coordinate responses to gut stimuli via the dorsal vagal complex in the brain. The vagovagal reflex controls contraction of the gastrointestinal muscle layers in response to distension of the tract by food.
The lateral tegmental field (LTF) [5] or lateral tegmentum (more specifically the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve and the solitary nucleus) is the source of several neural pathways in the brain's noradrenaline system. [citation needed]
central nucleus of the amygdala [10] parabrachial area [10] locus coeruleus [10] dorsal raphe nucleus [10] solitariospinal tract → upper levels of spinal cord [5] other visceral motor or respiratory centers [10] The SN projects to multiple other cranial nerve nuclei: [11] salivatory nuclei; hypoglossal nucleus; dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve