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A flagellum (/ f l ə ˈ dʒ ɛ l əm /; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores (), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility.
Longitudinal section through the flagella area in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In the cell apex is the basal body that is the anchoring site for a flagellum. Basal bodies originate from and have a substructure similar to that of centrioles, with nine peripheral microtubule triplets (see structure at bottom center of image).
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word flagellate also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the ...
English: The Colonial Flagellate Hypothesis proposes that multicellular organisms evolved from a single flagellated cell. it is believed that a group of these unicellular flagellates combine to form an aggregate then form a sphere which develops specialized cells (such as reproductive cells), and then fold in on themselves to create a tissue layer.
By this method, body diagrams can be derived by pasting organs into one of the "plain" body images shown below. This method requires a graphics editor that can handle transparent images, in order to avoid white squares around the organs when pasting onto the body image. Pictures of organs are found on the project's main page. These were ...
Two anteriorly inserted whiplash flagella. Each flagellum originates from a basal granule in the anterior papillate or non-papillate region of the cytoplasm. Each flagellum shows a typical 9+2 arrangement of the component fibrils. Contractile vacuoles are near the bases of flagella. Prominent cup or bowl-shaped chloroplast is present.
Most alternate between flagellate and amoeboid forms Jakobea: Jakoba, Reclinomonas: Free-living, sometimes loricate flagellates, with very gene-rich mitochondrial genomes Metamonada or POD: Preaxostyla: Oxymonads, Trimastix: Amitochondriate flagellates, either free-living (Trimastix, Paratrimastix) or living in the hindguts of insects Fornicata