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The Sidama people number 3.81 million (4.01% of the national population), of whom 149,480 are urban inhabitants, the fifth most populous ethnic group in Ethiopia. [8] Their language is called Sidaamu-Afoo, which according to the 1994 national census was the mother language of 99.5% of them. [9]
The Sidama Region (Sidama: Sidaamu Qoqqowo; Amharic: ሲዳማ ክልል) is a regional state in southern Ethiopia.It was formed on 18 June 2020 [1] from the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region (SNNPR) and transformation of the Sidama Zone after a 98.52% vote in favour of increased autonomy in the 2019 Sidama referendum.
In the 1994 Census this woreda had a population of 178,644, of whom 89,489 were men and 89,155 women; 4,686 or 2.62% of its population were urban dwellers. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Hula were the Sidama (93.77%), the Amhara (4.43%), and the Oromo (0.84%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.96% of the population.
The culture of the Gedeo is distinguished by two features. The first is the baalle, a tradition of ranks and age classes similar to the Gadaa system of the Oromo people. Beckingham and Huntingford describe the system as seven grades that span a 10-year period of birth, creating a 70-year cycle. [2]
In the 1994 Census this woreda had a population of 271,446, of whom 139,213 were men and 132,233 women; 15,904 or 5.86% of its population were urban dwellers. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Aleta Wendo were the Sidama (92.14%), the Amhara (4.36%), and the Oromo (0.92%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.58% of the population.
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Sidamo was the scene of a revolt of the Gedeo people in 1960 who objected to a reorganization of the taxation system, which they believed was oppressive. The revolt was brutally suppressed; as Bahru Zewde notes, "Armed mostly with spears and swords, the peasants confronted a well-equipped enemy composed of land-lords and government troops."
Gadaa [1] (pronounced "Geda" meaning "The Gateway" in Oromoo language) is the indigenous system of governance used by the Oromos in Ethiopia and northern Kenya. [1] It is also practiced by the Konso, Burji and Gedeo people of southern Ethiopia. The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community. [1] [2] [3]