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The h-index is an author-level metric that measures both the productivity and citation impact of the publications, initially used for an individual scientist or scholar. The h-index correlates with success indicators such as winning the Nobel Prize, being accepted for research fellowships and holding positions at top universities. [1]
Author-level metrics are citation metrics that measure the bibliometric impact of individual authors, researchers, academics, and scholars. Many metrics have been developed that take into account varying numbers of factors (from only considering the total number of citations, to looking at their distribution across papers or journals using statistical or graph-theoretic principles).
The best-known author-level measures include total citations and the h-index. [16] Each measure has advantages and disadvantages, [17] spanning from bias to discipline-dependence and limitations of the citation data source. [18] Counting the number of citations per paper is also employed to identify the authors of citation classics. [19]
h-index – usually used as a measure of scientific productivity and the scientific impact of an individual scientist, but can also be used to rank journals. h5-index – this metric, calculated and released by Google Scholar, is based on the h-index of all articles published in a given journal in the last five years. [3]
the Hirsch index for the citations received (H), the Schreiber co-authorship adjusted Hm index for the citations received (Hm). the total number of citations received to papers for which the scientist is single author (NCS), the total number of citations received to papers for which the scientist is single or first author (NCSF), and
The h-index became an important indicator of the productivity and impact of the work of a scientist. However, alternative author-level metrics have been proposed. [10] [11] Around the same time, the interest of governments in evaluating research for the purpose of assessing the impact of science funding increased.
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Traditionally, bibliometrics have been used to evaluate the usage and impact of research, but have usually been focused on journal-level metrics such as the impact factor or researcher-level metrics such as the h-index. [5] Article-level metrics, on the other hand, may demonstrate the impact of an individual article.