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The activation-synthesis hypothesis, proposed by Harvard University psychiatrists John Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley, is a neurobiological theory of dreams first published in the American Journal of Psychiatry in December 1977.
Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams (or simply known as Why We Sleep) is a 2017 popular science book about sleep written by Matthew Walker, an English scientist and the director of the Center for Human Sleep Science at the University of California, Berkeley, who specializes in neuroscience and psychology.
In 1977, Hobson and McCarley developed the activation synthesis theory of dreaming that said that dreams do not have meanings and are the result of the brain attempting to make sense of random neuronal firing in the cortex. [2] McCarley has extensively studied the brainstem mechanisms that control REM sleep. [3]
We are most vulnerable to predation and least productive while we sleep. Yet evolutionarily our bodies retained the need for eight hours. Read More: How to Stop Checking Your Phone Every 10 Seconds.
Initially, it was thought that sleep was simply a mechanism for the body to "take a break" and reduce wear. Later observations of the low metabolic rates in the brain during sleep seemed to indicate some metabolic functions of sleep. [109] This theory is not fully adequate as sleep only decreases metabolism by about 5–10%.
Getting a good night's sleep can be a little more challenging amid the hype of the holidays. With changes in routine, diet and potentially time zones, quality sleep could be difficult to come by ...
This isn’t the first time that better sleep has been linked with a lower risk of dementia: A study published in October even found that people with sleep apnea are more likely to develop dementia.
Freud, whose dream studies focused on interpreting dreams, not explaining how or why humans dream, disputed Robert's hypothesis [39] and proposed that dreams preserve sleep by representing as fulfilled those wishes that otherwise would awaken the dreamer. [40] Freud wrote that dreams "serve the purpose of prolonging sleep instead of waking up.