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A software bug is a design defect in computer software. A computer program with many or serious bugs may be described as buggy . The effects of a software bug range from minor (such as a misspelled word in the user interface ) to severe (such as frequent crashing ).
A product is said to follow the bathtub curve if in the early life of a product, the failure rate decreases as defective products are identified and discarded, and early sources of potential failure such as manufacturing defects or damage during transit are detected. In the mid-life of a product the failure rate is constant.
A systems development life cycle is composed of distinct work phases that are used by systems engineers and systems developers to deliver information systems.Like anything that is manufactured on an assembly line, an SDLC aims to produce high-quality systems that meet or exceed expectations, based on requirements, by delivering systems within scheduled time frames and cost estimates. [3]
Software testing typically includes handling software bugs – a defect in the code that causes an undesirable result. [11]: 31 Bugs generally slow testing progress and involve programmer assistance to debug and fix. Not all defects cause a failure. For example, a defect in dead code will not be considered a failure.
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207 Systems and software engineering – Software life cycle processes [1] is an international standard for software lifecycle processes. First introduced in 1995, it aims to be a primary standard that defines all the processes required for developing and maintaining software systems, including the outcomes and/or activities of each process.
DOD-STD-2167A (Department of Defense Standard 2167A), titled "Defense Systems Software Development", was a United States defense standard, published on February 29, 1988, which updated the less well known DOD-STD-2167 published 4 June 1985.
ALM is a broader perspective than the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), which is limited to the phases of software development such as requirements, design, coding, testing, configuration, project management, and change management. ALM continues after development until the application is no longer used, and may span many SDLCs.
If conceived of as part of the software development life cycle, maintenance is the last and typically the longest phase of the cycle, [7] [8] comprising 80 to 90 percent of the lifecycle cost. [9] Other models consider maintenance separate from software development, instead as part of the software maintenance life cycle (SMLC). [8]