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Anatolia (Turkish: Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, [a] is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey.It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Turkish Straits and the Sea of Marmara to the northwest, and the Black Sea to the north.
The history of Anatolia (often referred to in historical sources as Asia Minor) can be roughly subdivided into: Prehistory of Anatolia (up to the end of the 3rd millennium BCE), Ancient Anatolia (including Hattian, Hittite and post-Hittite periods), Classical Anatolia (including Achaemenid, Hellenistic and Roman periods), Byzantine Anatolia (later overlapping, since the 11th century, with the ...
Mongols defeat Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Sultanhan, Aksaray Province, Central Anatolia. 1258: Mongols partition the country. Double sultanate 1262: Kılıç Arslan IV 1260–1266 1266: Keyhüsrev III 1266–1284 1277: Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey, a semi independent bey, allies himself with the Mameluk sultan Baybars who invades a part of Anatolia.
The earliest recorded inhabitants of Anatolia were the Hattians and Hurrians, non-Indo-European peoples who lived in Anatolia as early as c. 2300 BC. Indo-European Hittites came to Anatolia and gradually absorbed the Hattians and Hurrians c. 2000 – c. 1700 BC. Besides Hittites, Anatolian peoples included Luwians, Palaic peoples and Lydians.
The Anatolians were a group of Indo-European peoples who inhabited Anatolia as early as the 3rd millennium BC. Identified by their use of the now-extinct Anatolian languages, [1] they were one of the oldest collective Indo-European ethno-linguistic groups and also one of the most archaic, as they were among the first peoples to separate from the Proto-Indo-Europeans, who gave origin to the ...
A map of independent Turkish beyliks in Anatolia during the 14th century. Anatolian beyliks (Turkish: Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: Tavâif-i mülûk, Beylik; Turkish pronunciation:) were Turkish [1] principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century.
Anatolia/Asia Minor in the Greco-Roman period. The classical regions and their main settlements (circa 200 BC). Aeolis (named after the Aeolian Greeks that colonized the region) Lesbos; Armenia Minor (Armenia west of the Euphrates river, geographically in Anatolia) (roughly corresponding to ancient Azzi-Hayasa or Hayasa-Azzi) Aeretice / Æretice
Map 1: Indo-European migrations as described in The Horse, the Wheel, and Language by David W. Anthony Map 2: Anatolian peoples in 2nd millennium BC; Blue: Luwians, Yellow: Hittites, Red: Palaics. Map 3: Late Bronze Age regions of Anatolia / Asia Minor (circa 1200 BC) with main settlements. Map 4: Anatolia / Asia Minor in the Greco-Roman period.