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One review of magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies reported increased choline in the basal ganglia, and cingulate as well as a decrease in NAA in the dlPFC and hippocampus. State-specific findings were reported to include elevated phosphomonoesters during acute mood states, and reduced inositol with treatment. [ 85 ]
Bipolar disorder has also been found to be comorbid with obsessive compulsive disorder and it has resulted in higher suicide rates for comorbid patients than noncomorbid patients. Increasingly, evidence points towards abnormalities in epigenetic mechanism as a reason behind mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject covers topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics and epigenetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and ...
4129 109731 Ensembl ENSG00000069535 ENSMUSG00000040147 UniProt P27338 Q8BW75 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000898 NM_172778 RefSeq (protein) NP_000889 NP_766366 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 43.77 – 43.88 Mb Chr X: 16.58 – 16.68 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAOB gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs ...
Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii (seropositivity) without developing Toxoplasmosis has been proven to alter various characteristics of human behavior as well as being a causative factor in some cases of depression, [41] [42] in addition, studies have linked seropositivity with an increased rate of suicide [43]
People with MDD sometimes show diurnal and seasonal variation of symptom severity, even in non-seasonal depression. Diurnal mood improvement was associated with activity of dorsal neural networks. Increased mean core temperature was also observed. One hypothesis proposed that depression was a result of a phase shift. [30]
A bioinformatics network analysis is one approach to this problem. Network analyses methodologies provide a generalized, systems overview of a molecular pathway. One final complication to consider is the comorbidity of neurogenomic genes. Several disorders, especially at the more severe ends of the spectrum tend to be comorbid with each other.
Neuropharmacology is a very broad region of science that encompasses many aspects of the nervous system from single neuron manipulation to entire areas of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. To better understand the basis behind drug development, one must first understand how neurons communicate with one another. [citation needed]