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The FAST 1 device consists of multiple needles in a probe that penetrates the manubrium once manual pressure is applied. [16] The Bone Injection Gun (BIG) device is a small, plastic, disposable, spring-loaded device that has a trigger that shoots the IO needle into the IO insertion site, which is more than likely in the proximal tibia. [16]
Lidocaine, also known as lignocaine and sold under the brand name Xylocaine among others, is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. [10] It is also used to treat ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.
Nalbuphine, sold under the brand names Nubain among others, is an opioid analgesic which is used in the treatment of pain. [4] [8] [6] It is given by injection into a vein, muscle, or fat.
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
It has a significantly shorter duration of action than lidocaine and is significantly less toxic. Chloroprocaine has a motor block lasting for 40 minutes, a rapid onset time of 3–5 minutes (9.6 min ± 7.3 min at 40 mg dose; 7.9 min ± 6.0 min at 50 mg dose) and a time to ambulation of 90 minutes without complications, especially lacking ...
Alphacaine or Alpha-caine is a brand name for a local anaesthetic preparation used for dental anesthesia. [1] Depending on location and manufacturer it may contain either benzocaine, articaine, or lidocaine (with or without adrenaline). [citation needed]
It is given by injection into muscle or a vein. [2] A single dose lasts 12 weeks. [2] It is made from human blood plasma. [3] Common side effects include fever, headache, pain at the site of injection, and red blood cell breakdown. [2] Other side effects include allergic reactions, kidney problems, and a very small risk of viral infections. [2]
Glucocorticoids also stimulate the lipocortin-1 escaping to the extracellular space, where it binds to the leukocyte membrane receptors and inhibits various inflammatory events: epithelial adhesion, emigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and the release of various inflammatory mediators (lysosomal enzymes, cytokines, tissue ...