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Ligamentous laxity or ligament laxity can appear in a variety of ways and levels of severity.. In most people, ligaments (which are the tissues that connect bones to each other) are naturally tight in such a way that the joints are restricted to 'normal' ranges of motion.
A long-term effect of this is painful ankle osteoarthritis due to the direct contact between the tibia and talus. [10] [11] If a Maisonneuve fracture is left untreated, instability of the tibiotalar joint and deltoid ligament can cause a valgus deformity of the ankle.
In terms of fracture type, isolated malleolar fractures are most common (two-thirds of fractures); bimalleolar fractures occur in roughly 25% of patients while trimalleolar fractures occur in 5-10%. [10] Open fractures are rare, compromising 2% of all ankle fractures. [21] In children, ankle fractures occur in about 1 per 1000 per year. [3]
The prevalence of post-traumatic arthritis is much higher when doing heavy work and overusing the injured joints. Examinations also revealed that a body mass index (BMI) increase of five units results in a 35% higher risk of post-traumatic arthritis. [13] It is reported that genetics do have an influence on the prevalence of post-traumatic ...
Oblique view X-ray in a 45-year-old male diabetic revealed a divergent, Lisfranc dislocation of the first metatarsal with associated lesser metatarsal fractures. The same 45-year-old man with diabetes mellitus presented with a diffusely swollen, warm and non-tender left foot due to Charcot arthropathy. There are no changes to the skin itself.
Risk factors include bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high-dose steroids. [1] The condition may also occur without any clear reason. [1] The most commonly affected bone is the femur (thigh bone). [1] Other relatively common sites include the upper arm bone, knee, shoulder, and ankle. [1]
Sinus tarsi syndrome can have a variety of causes. The most common is an inversion (rolling out) ankle sprain, which makes up 70-80% of cases, followed by pronation of the foot, which is responsible for about 20-30% of cases. [3] More rarely, excessive physical activity and other forms of foot trauma/chronic ankle injury are thought to be the ...
The Danis–Weber classification (often known just as the Weber classification) is a method of describing ankle fractures. It has three categories: [1] Type A. Fracture of the fibula distal to the syndesmosis (the connection between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula). Typical features: below level of the ankle joint; tibiofibular ...