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The medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) or medial geniculate body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC). [1]
The lemniscal classical auditory pathway is tonotopically organized and consists of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus and the ventral medial geniculate body projecting to primary areas in the auditory cortex. The non-primary auditory cortex receives inputs from the extralemniscal non-classical auditory pathway, which shows a ...
The medial geniculate nucleus divides into: ventral (relay and relay-inhibitory cells: frequency, intensity, and binaural info topographically relayed), dorsal (broad and complex tuned nuclei: connection to somatosensory info), and; medial (broad, complex, and narrow tuned nuclei: relay intensity and sound duration).
The inferior colliculus also receives descending inputs from the auditory cortex and auditory thalamus (or medial geniculate nucleus). [3] The medial geniculate body (MGB) is the output connection from inferior colliculus and the last subcortical way station. The MGB is composed of ventral, dorsal, and medial divisions, which are relatively ...
medial pulvinar nucleus [28] inferior pulvinar nucleus [29] lateral posterior nucleus [30] belongs to pulvinar; lateral dorsal nucleus [31] (a.k.a. dorsal superficial nucleus) ventral nuclear group [32] ventral anterior nucleus [33] ventral lateral nucleus [34] ventral medial [35] (a.k.a. medial part of ventral lateral nucleus) anterior ventral ...
The auditory cortex takes part in the spectrotemporal, meaning involving time and frequency, analysis of the inputs passed on from the ear. The cortex then filters and passes on the information to the dual stream of speech processing. [5] The auditory cortex's function may help explain why particular brain damage leads to particular outcomes.
The retrolenticular part contains fibers from the optic system, coming from the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. More posteriorly, this becomes the optic radiation. Some fibers from the medial geniculate nucleus (which carry auditory information) also pass in the retrolenticular internal capsule, but most are in the sublenticular part.
This has led to the assumption that they may be involved in general functions such as alerting. [1] However, anatomical connections might suggest more specific functions, with the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei involved in viscero-limbic functions, and the reuniens and rhomboid nuclei involved in multimodal sensory processing.