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Chloramphenicol may cause bone marrow suppression during treatment; this is a direct toxic effect of the drug on human mitochondria. [23] This effect manifests first as a fall in hemoglobin levels, which occurs quite predictably once a cumulative dose of 20 g has been given. The anaemia is fully reversible once the drug is stopped and does not ...
This antibiotic is not recommended for children and 75 and up of age: Inactivates enolpyruvyl transferase, thereby blocking cell wall synthesis Fusidic acid: Fucidin: Metronidazole: Flagyl: Infections caused by anaerobic bacteria; also amoebiasis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis: Discolored urine, headache, metallic taste, nausea; alcohol is ...
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children [1] or EMLc [1]), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system.
Unlike chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol is not readily metabolized in cattle, poultry, sheep, or humans, but is predominantly excreted unchanged. In pigs and rats the drug is excreted both as parent drug and as thiamphenicol glucuronate. [2] Thiamphenicol can be administered as a part of a complex molecule, Thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteine. [4]
Some systemic absorption of the antibiotic may occur; the quantity of antibiotic applied is difficult to accurately dose, and there is also the possibility of local hypersensitivity reactions or contact dermatitis occurring. [41] It is recommended to administer antibiotics as soon as possible, especially in life-threatening infections.
The British National Formulary (BNF) is a United Kingdom (UK) pharmaceutical reference book that contains a wide spectrum of information and advice on prescribing and pharmacology, along with specific facts and details about many medicines available on the UK National Health Service (NHS).
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. [1] [2] Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted ().