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In addition to the injectable and nasal spray dosage forms of the salmon calcitonin, noninvasive oral formulations of the peptide are currently under clinical development. The short-half-life of this peptide in serum triggered several attempts to enhance plasma concentrations.
Intranasal calcitonin, calcitonin-salmon, is used to treat hypercalcaemia arising out of malignancy, Paget's disease of bone, post menopausal and steroid induced osteoporosis, phantom limb pain and other metabolic bone abnormalities, available as Rockbone, Fortical and Miacalcin Nasal Spray.
Zavegepant is a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist. [1] It is sprayed into the nose. [1] It is sold by Pfizer. [1] The most common adverse reactions include taste disorders, nausea, nasal discomfort, and vomiting. [1] Zavegepant was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2023. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Calcitonin, as salmon calcitonin (sCT), is available in the pharmaceutical market as an injectable preparation for intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous application. Noninvasive sCT preparation as a nasal spray is commercially produced and received US FDA approval under the proprietary name Miacalcin® in 1975 for the treatment of ...
Decongestant nasal sprays are advised for short-term use only, preferably 5 to 7 days at maximum. Some doctors advise to use them 3 days at maximum. A recent clinical trial has shown that a corticosteroid nasal spray may be useful in reversing this condition. [3] Topical nasal decongestants include: Oxymetazoline; Phenylephrine; Xylometazoline
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists, commonly known as gepants, are a class of drugs that act as antagonists of the calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRPR). [ 1 ] Several monoclonal antibodies that bind to the CGRP receptor or peptide have been approved for prevention of migraine. [ 2 ]
In 2018, three CGRP blockers were approved by the FDA for the prevention of migraine: erenumab; fremanezumab; and galcanezumab.. The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a therapeutic target in migraine because of its hypothesized role in mediating trigeminovascular pain transmission and the vasodilatory component of neurogenic inflammation (see "Pathophysiology, clinical manifestations ...
Additionally, there is question of the overall efficacy of calcitonin-containing nasal sprays. A phase III trial found no difference between placebo and nasal calcitonin sprays on lumbar bone mineral density in osteoporosis. [34] It did find a significant increase in bone mineral density with oral calcitonin.