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The anhydrous mineral form of sodium carbonate is quite rare and called natrite. Sodium carbonate also erupts from Ol Doinyo Lengai , Tanzania's unique volcano, and it is presumed to have erupted from other volcanoes in the past, but due to these minerals' instability at the Earth's surface, are likely to be eroded.
Trona (trisodium hydrogendicarbonate dihydrate, also sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate, Na 2 CO 3 ·NaHCO 3 ·2H 2 O) is a non-marine evaporite mineral. [4] [6] It is mined as the primary source of sodium carbonate in the United States, where it has replaced the Solvay process used in most of the rest of the world for sodium carbonate production.
Geologically, the mineral natron as well as the historical natron are formed as transpiro-evaporite minerals, i.e. crystallizing during the drying up of salt lakes rich in sodium carbonate. The sodium carbonate is usually formed by absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by a highly alkaline, sodium-rich lake brine, according to the ...
Thermonatrite is a naturally occurring evaporite mineral form of sodium carbonate, Na 2 CO 3 ·H 2 O. [2] [3] It was first described in 1845. [4] Its name is from the Greek θερμός thermos, "heat", plus natron, because it may be a dehydration product of natron. [3] Typical occurrence is in dry saline lake beds and as soil encrustations.
Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite, although it is more commonly found as a component of the mineral trona. [10]
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published in 1814 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols, [46] [47] and is an abbreviation of the element's Neo-Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, [42] a natural mineral salt mainly consisting of hydrated sodium carbonate. Natron historically had several ...
Pink cubic halite (NaCl; halide class) crystals on a nahcolite matrix (NaHCO 3; a carbonate, and mineral form of sodium bicarbonate, used as baking soda). The halide minerals are compounds in which a halogen (fluorine, chlorine, iodine, or bromine) is the main anion. These minerals tend to be soft, weak, brittle, and water-soluble.
Whereas most lavas are rich in silicate minerals, the natrocarbonatite lavas of Ol Doinyo Lengai are rich in two rare sodium and potassium carbonate minerals, nyerereite and gregoryite. [3] Due to this unusual composition, the lava is erupted at relatively low temperatures (approximately 500–600 °C). [4]
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