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The Macedonian Struggle [a] was a series of social, political, cultural and military conflicts that were mainly fought between Greek and Bulgarian subjects who lived in Ottoman Macedonia between 1893 and 1912.
North Macedonia was part of the Ottoman Empire for over 500 years, from the late 14th century until the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913. [1] Before its conquest, this area was divided between various Serbian feudal principalities. Later, it became part of the Ottoman province or Eyalet of Rumelia.
At the turn of the 20th century, the Ottoman Empire was crumbling, and the lands they had held in Eastern Europe for over 500 years were passing to new rulers. Macedonia and Thrace were regions of indefinite boundaries, adjacent to the recently independent Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian states, but themselves still under the control of the Ottoman Turks.
The uprising is celebrated today in both Bulgaria and North Macedonia as part of their nations’ struggle against the Ottoman rule. In Bulgaria, it is regarded as a rebellion prepared by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire and the Unity Committee in Bulgaria itself, whose common goal was the unification of Bulgaria and Ottoman Macedonia.
Autonomy for the region of Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace within the Ottoman Empire was a concept that arose in the late 19th century and was popular until ca. 1920. The plan was developed among Macedonian and Thracian Bulgarian emigres in Sofia and covered several meanings.
The former Greek consulate in Thessaloniki where the HMC was headquartered. It is now a Museum for the Macedonian Struggle.. Despite the prior existence of Greek armed bands in the region of Ottoman Macedonia, it wasn't until 1900 when Stefanos Dragoumis founded the Hellenic Macedonian Committee, that an organized and coordinated effort was undertaken.
Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.
Between May 21 and June 2, in Gremen Teke, near Ostrovo, Monastir Province, Ottoman Empire (now Arnissa, Greece), the National Assembly held its first session.The convocation of the National Assembly was initiated by the Greek Leonidas Voulgaris, [4] a proponent of the idea about an Orthodox anti-Ottoman Balkan union, [5] with the support of the Bulgarian Š•xarchate priest Konstantin Bufski. [6]