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Foal immunodeficiency syndrome (FIS), originally known as Fell pony syndrome, mainly affects two breeds of ponies: the Fell and Dales. FIS is a recessive genetic disease . Affected foals appear normal at birth, but become weak, and either die or must be euthanized by three months of age due to persistent infections caused by immunodeficiency.
The disease has a similar cause to Hirschsprung's disease in humans. A mutation in the middle of the endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) gene causes lethal white syndrome when homozygous. Carriers, which are heterozygous—that is, have one copy of the mutated allele, but themselves are healthy—can now be reliably identified with a DNA test ...
A foal at about weaning age. A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal is nursing from its dam (mother), it may also be called a "suckling".
foal A foal 1. A young horse of either sex under the age of one year. [1]: 82 Derives from the Anglo-Saxon word fola. [8]: 193 May be qualified by sex: colt foal, filly foal. 2. Foaling: the act of a mare giving birth. [1]: 82 foaling box (UK), foaling stall (US) A large loose box providing space and privacy for a mare about to foal.
The cause of wry nose in horses is unknown; it may have a genetic cause, or be due to malpositioning in the uterus. [1] A wry nose may cause difficulty during foaling (dystocia). [3] A foal with wry nose may have poor alignment (malocclusion) of the teeth, [2] although foals can usually still nurse and in most cases are bright and active. [4]
Cerebellar abiotrophy in horses was originally thought to be a form of cerebellar hypoplasia (CH) and was described as such in older research literature. However, it was discovered that in horses, the die-off of purkinje cells began after the animal was born, rather than occurring in utero.
Lavender foal syndrome (LFS), also called coat color dilution lethal (CCDL), is an autosomal recessive genetic disease that affects newborn foals of certain Arabian horse bloodlines. Affected LFS foals have severe neurological abnormalities, cannot stand, and require euthanasia shortly after birth.
Neonatal maladjustment syndrome (NMS) is a syndrome where newborn foals exhibit uncommon behaviors, occurring in three to five percent of live births. These behaviors can include aimless wandering, hypersensitivity to loud sounds and brightness, weakness or coordination issues, and the incapability to nurse.