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Choline bitartrate is a choline salt of tartaric acid. Choline bitartrate contains quaternary ammonium cations ((2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium [(CH 3) 3 NCH 2 CH 2 OH] +) and bitartrate anions (HOOC−CH(OH)−CH(OH)−COO −). Quaternary ammonium cation is a cation in which all four hydrogen atoms of ammonium are replaced with organyl ...
Choline bitartrate – Choline bitartrate is a tartaric acid salt containing choline (41% choline by molecular weight). One meta-analysis found choline bitartrate to be ineffective at improving any measure of cognitive performance. [36] Citicoline – Compound consisting of choline and cytidine. A meta-analysis found that it may be effective ...
Choline chloride and choline bitartrate are used in dietary supplements. Bitartrate is used more often due to its lower hygroscopicity. [4] Certain choline salts are used to supplement chicken, turkey and some other animal feeds. Some salts are also used as industrial chemicals: for example, in photolithography to remove photoresist. [2]
Citicoline , also known as cytidine diphosphate-choline (CDP-choline) or cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine is an intermediate in the generation of phosphatidylcholine from choline, a common biochemical process in cell membranes. Citicoline is naturally occurring in the cells of human and animal tissue, in particular the organs.
Bitartrate is an anion which is the conjugate base of tartaric acid. It may also refer to any salt or monoester of tartaric acid. Some examples of bitartrate salts include: Choline bitartrate; Cysteamine bitartrate; Dihydrocodeine bitartrate; Dimethylaminoethanol bitartrate; Hydrocodone bitartrate; Metaraminol bitartrate; Norepinephrine ...
In general, the word "choline" describes the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation. Found in most animal tissues, choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin. Choline also prevents fat deposits in the liver ...
You may experience side effects such as diarrhea, nausea and cramping if you load up on the supplements and take more than you really need. So it’s important to only take the recommended amount.
[15] [4] [10] [12] [7] It is also possible that some individuals are more susceptible to the toxic effects of vitamin B 6 than others. [4] Megavitamin-B 6 syndrome has been reported in doses as low as 24 mg/day. [34] Symptoms may also be dependent on the form of vitamin B 6 taken in supplements.
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