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In the U.S. House of Representatives, parliamentary procedure was perfected into a system which was described in the U.S. House Rules and Manual thus: [7] They are perhaps the most finely adjusted, scientifically balanced, and highly technical rules of any parliamentary body in the world.
Parliamentary procedure is the body of rules, ethics, and customs governing meetings and other operations of clubs, organizations, legislative bodies, and other deliberative assemblies. General principles of parliamentary procedure include rule of the majority with respect for the minority.
In the United States terms used are parliamentary law, parliamentary practice, legislative procedure, rules of order, or Robert's rules of order. [2] Rules of order consist of rules written by the body itself (often referred to as bylaws), usually supplemented by a published parliamentary authority adopted by the body.
Henry M. Robert. A U.S. Army officer, Henry Martyn Robert (1837–1923), saw a need for a standard of parliamentary procedure while living in San Francisco.He found San Francisco in the mid-to-late 19th century to be a chaotic place where meetings of any kind tended to be tumultuous, with little consistency of procedure and with people of many nationalities and traditions thrown together.
Deliberative assemblies – bodies that use parliamentary procedure to arrive at decisions – use several methods of voting on motions (formal proposal by members of a deliberative assembly that the assembly take certain action). The regular methods of voting in such bodies are a voice vote, a rising vote, and a show of hands.
A matter that was voted on could be brought back again through the motion to reconsider.Under Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised (RONR), this motion must be made within a limited time after the action on the original motion: either on the same day or in the case of a multi-day session (such as a convention), on the next day within the session in which business is conducted.
The Parliamentary Authority category includes articles on parliamentary procedure books and their authors, prominent parliamentarians (American definition), parliamentary organizations and similar resources. In particular, it includes those books that are adopted by deliberative assemblies as their parliamentary authority.
The following book is the only authorized concise guide for the current (12th) edition of Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised and is intended as an introductory book for those unfamiliar with parliamentary procedure. [6] [7] Robert III, Henry M.; Evans, William J.; Honemann, Daniel H.; Balch, Thomas J.; Seabold, Daniel E.; and Gerber, Shmuel ...