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ECG showing right axis deviation In general, a positive (upwards) deflection of an ECG trace demonstrates an electrical activity that moves towards the measuring electrode, whereas a negative (downwards) deflection of an ECG trace demonstrates an electrical activity that moves away from the measuring electrode.
Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG [a]), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles. [4] It is an electrogram of the heart which is a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart [ 5 ] using electrodes placed on the skin.
The hexaxial reference system is a diagram that is used to determine the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane.. In electrocardiography, left axis deviation (LAD) is a condition wherein the mean electrical axis of ventricular contraction of the heart lies in a frontal plane direction between −30° and −90°.
Pseudo-ST-depression, which is a wandering baseline due to poor skin contact of the electrode [3] Physiologic J-junctional depression with sinus tachycardia [3] Hyperventilation [3] Horizontal ST depression in V4, V5, V6 leads during a cardiac stress ECG. Other, non-ischemic, causes include: Side effect of digoxin [4] [3] Hypokalemia [4] [3]
The typical meaning of an "ECG" is the 12-lead ECG that uses 10 wires or electrodes to record the signal across the chest. Interpretation of an ECG is the basis of a number of cardiac diseases including myocardial infarction (heart attack) and arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation .
Signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) is a special electrocardiographic technique, in which multiple electric signals from the heart are averaged to remove interference and reveal small variations in the QRS complex, usually the so-called "late potentials".
In spite of these limitations, the 12 lead ECG stands at the center of risk stratification for the patient with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Mistakes in interpretation are relatively common, and the failure to identify high risk features has a negative effect on the quality of patient care. [3]
Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG in German vernacular. Elektrokardiogram) monitors electrical activity of the heart, primarily as recorded from the skin surface. A 12 lead recording, recording the electrical activity in three planes, anterior, posterior, and lateral is the most commonly used form.