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In modern fly-by-wire aircraft, the same set of control surfaces serve both functions. Spoilers were used by most gliders (sailplanes) until the 1960s to control their rate of descent and thus achieve a controlled landing. Since then, spoilers on gliders have almost entirely been replaced by airbrakes, usually of the Schempp-Hirth type ...
The Airbus A320 family was the first airliner to feature a full glass cockpit and digital fly-by-wire flight control system. The only analogue instruments were the radio magnetic indicator, brake pressure indicator, standby altimeter and artificial horizon, the latter two being replaced by a digital integrated standby instrument system in later production models.
The cockpit of the 777 is similar to 747-400, a fly-by-wire control simulating mechanical control. The fly-by-wire electronic flight control system of the Boeing 777 differs from the Airbus EFCS. The design principle is to provide a system that responds similarly to a mechanically controlled system. [10]
Spoilers might act as air brakes, but are not pure air brakes as they also function as lift-dumpers or in some cases as roll control surfaces. Air brakes are usually surfaces that deflect outwards from the fuselage (in most cases symmetrically on opposing sides) into the airstream in order to increase form-drag.
An early form of fly-by-wire is employed for spoiler operation, utilizing electric signaling instead of traditional control cables. [6] The fly-by-wire system reduces weight and allows independent operation of individual spoilers.
A fly-by-wire (FBW) system replaces manual flight control of an aircraft with an electronic interface. The movements of flight controls are converted to electronic signals transmitted by wires (hence the term fly-by-wire), and flight control computers determine how to move the actuators at each control surface to provide the expected response ...
The following contains spoilers from the Feb. 4 episode of CBS’ FBI: International. After teasing us for nearly two months with Special Agent Cameron Vo’s possible “exit,” FBI ...
Spoilerons roll an aircraft by reducing the lift of the downward-going wing.Unlike ailerons, spoilers do not increase the lift and drag of the upward-going wing. A raised spoileron increases the drag on the down-going wing where it is deployed, causing the aircraft to yaw in the direction of the turn.