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Triphenylphosphine (IUPAC name: triphenylphosphane) is a common organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C 6 H 5) 3 and often abbreviated to P Ph 3 or Ph 3 P. It is versatile compound that is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a ligand for transition metal complexes, including ones that serve as catalysts in organometallic chemistry.
Preferred IUPAC name. ... Triphenylphosphite is a common ligand in coordination chemistry. It forms zero-valent complexes of the type M[P(OC 6 H 5) 3] 4 (M = Ni, Pd, Pt).
Wilkinson's catalyst is usually obtained by treating rhodium(III) chloride hydrate with an excess of triphenylphosphine in refluxing ethanol. [9] [10] [1] Triphenylphosphine serves as both a ligand and a two-electron reducing agent that oxidizes itself from oxidation state (III) to (V).
Trifluorophosphine (PF 3) is a strong π-acid with bonding properties akin to those of the carbonyl ligand. [8] In early work, phosphine ligands were thought to utilize 3 d orbitals to form M-P pi-bonding, but it is now accepted that d-orbitals on phosphorus are not involved in bonding. [ 9 ]
Vaska's complex is the trivial name for the chemical compound trans-carbonylchlorobis(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I), which has the formula IrCl(CO)[P(C 6 H 5) 3] 2.This square planar diamagnetic organometallic complex consists of a central iridium atom bound to two mutually trans triphenylphosphine ligands, carbon monoxide and a chloride ion.
The four phosphorus atoms are at the corners of a tetrahedron surrounding the palladium(0) center. This structure is typical for four-coordinate 18 e − complexes. [2] The corresponding complexes Ni(PPh 3) 4 and Pt(PPh 3) 4 are also well known.
The ligand L in the catalyst can be triphenylphosphine, dppe, BINAP, chiraphos or XPhos. Palladium catalysts in general have higher chemical yields and higher functional group tolerance. The Negishi coupling finds common use in the field of total synthesis as a method for selectively forming C-C bonds between complex synthetic intermediates.
Building on the reactivity of the triphenylphosphine ligand, the structure of ligands used for the Tsuji–Trost reaction quickly became more complex. Today, these ligands may contain phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen or some combination of these elements, but most studies have concentrated on the mono- and diphosphine ligands.