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Boron trichloride is a starting material for the production of elemental boron. It is also used in the refining of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, and copper alloys to remove nitrides, carbides, and oxides from molten metal. It has been used as a soldering flux for alloys of aluminium, iron, zinc, tungsten, and monel. Aluminium castings can be ...
Many gases have toxic properties, which are often assessed using the LC 50 (median lethal concentration) measure. In the United States, many of these gases have been assigned an NFPA 704 health rating of 4 (may be fatal) or 3 (may cause serious or permanent injury), and/or exposure limits (TLV, TWA/PEL, STEL, or REL) determined by the ACGIH professional association.
Trimethylborane was first described in 1862 by Edward Frankland, [6] who also mentioned its adduct with ammonia. [7] Due to its dangerous nature the compound was no longer studied until 1921, when Alfred Stock and Friedrich Zeidler took advantage of the reaction between boron trichloride gas and dimethylzinc. [8]
Boron forms the complete series of trihalides, i.e. BX 3 (X = F, Cl, Br, I). The trifluoride is produced by treating borate salts with hydrogen fluoride, while the trichloride is produced by carbothermic reduction of boron oxides in the presence of chlorine gas: [49] [51] B 2 O 3 + 3 C + 6 Cl 2 → 2 BCl 3 + 3 CO
Boron carbide – B 4 C [143] Boron nitride – BN [144] Boron suboxide – B 6 O [145] Boron tribromide – BBr 3 [146] Boron trichloride – BCl 3 [147] Boron trifluoride – BF 3 [148] Boron triiodide –BI 3 [149] Boron oxide – B 2 O 3 [150] Boroxine – B 3 H 3 O 3 [151] Decaborane – B 10 H 14 [152] Diborane – B 2 H 6 [153] Diboron ...
Boron trifluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula BF 3. This pungent, colourless, and toxic gas forms white fumes in moist air. It is a useful Lewis acid and a versatile building block for other boron compounds.
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It can also be formed by the electrical discharge procedure of boron trichloride at low temperatures: [1] [3] BCl 3 → BCl 2 + Cl Cl + Hg → HgCl or HgCl 2 2 BCl 2 → B 2 Cl 4. The most efficient synthesis technique uses no dechlorinating metal, instead passing radio-frequency AC current through gaseous boron trichloride. [4]