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Acetic anhydride, or ethanoic anhydride, is the chemical compound with the formula (CH 3 CO) 2 O. Commonly abbreviated Ac 2 O, it is the simplest isolable anhydride of a carboxylic acid and is widely used as a reagent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid that smells strongly of acetic acid, which is formed by its reaction with ...
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
The worldwide production of acetic anhydride is a major application, and uses approximately 25% to 30% of the global production of acetic acid. The main process involves dehydration of acetic acid to give ketene at 700–750 °C. Ketene is thereafter reacted with acetic acid to obtain the anhydride: [50] CH 3 CO 2 H → CH 2 =C=O + H 2 O
First, dimethyl sulfoxide (1) reacts with acetic anhydride to form a sulfonium ion. It reacts with the primary alcohol in an addition reaction. Furthermore, acetic acid is cleaved, so that intermediate 2 is formed. The latter reacts upon elimination of acetic acid and dimethyl sulphide to the aldehyde.
A common type of organic acid anhydride is a carboxylic anhydride, where the parent acid is a carboxylic acid, the formula of the anhydride being (RC(O)) 2 O. Symmetrical acid anhydrides of this type are named by replacing the word acid in the name of the parent carboxylic acid by the word anhydride. [2] Thus, (CH 3 CO) 2 O is called acetic ...
The mechanism of the Pummerer rearrangement begins with the acylation of the sulfoxide (resonance structures 1 and 2) by acetic anhydride to give 3, with acetate as byproduct. . The acetate then acts as a catalyst to induce an elimination reaction to produce the cationic-thial structure 4, with acetic acid as byprod
Illustrative of its nucleophilicity, anisole reacts with acetic anhydride to give 4-methoxyacetophenone: CH 3 OC 6 H 5 + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → CH 3 OC 6 H 4 C(O)CH 3 + CH 3 CO 2 H. Unlike most acetophenones, but reflecting the influence of the methoxy group, methoxyacetophenone undergoes a second acetylation. Many related reactions have been ...
Ethenone was first produced in 1907 by N. T. M. Wilsmore through pyrolysis of acetone or acetic anhydride vapours over a hot platinum wire in an apparatus that was later developed by Charles D. Hurd into the "Hurd lamp" or "ketene lamp". This apparatus consists of a heated flask of acetone producing vapours which are pyrolyzed by a metal ...