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  2. Wikipedia:WikiProject Electronics/Programs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject...

    123D Circuits In-browser circuit design and PCB layout tools. Created by Autodesk, it is free to use, zero-install and web based. There's a limited library of components to use. There are 3 drawing modes: schematics, PCB and breadboard diagram. The PCB editor does not do automatic routing.

  3. Tseytin transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tseytin_transformation

    The naive approach is to write the circuit as a Boolean expression, and use De Morgan's law and the distributive property to convert it to CNF. However, this can result in an exponential increase in equation size. The Tseytin transformation outputs a formula whose size grows linearly relative to the input circuit's.

  4. Logic gate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_gate

    A logic circuit diagram for a 4-bit carry lookahead binary adder design using only the AND, OR, and XOR logic gates.. A logic gate is a device that performs a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.

  5. Circuit design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_design

    Circuit designers, who are compensated for their expertise in creating electrical circuits, bear the responsibility of ensuring the safety of consumers who purchase and use these circuits at home. The risks associated with neglecting the prototyping process and releasing a flawed electrical circuit are significant.

  6. AND-OR-invert - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AND-OR-Invert

    In NMOS logic, the lower half of the CMOS circuit is used in combination with a load device or pull-up transistor (typically a depletion load or a dynamic load). AOI gates are similarly efficient in transistor–transistor logic (TTL). Examples. CMOS 4000-series logic family: CD4085B = dual 2-2 AOI gate [4] CD4086B = single expandable 2-2-2-2 ...

  7. XNOR gate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XNOR_gate

    An XNOR gate circuit can be made from four NOR gates. In fact, both NAND and NOR gates are so-called "universal gates" and any logical function can be constructed from either NAND logic or NOR logic alone. If the four NOR gates are replaced by NAND gates, this results in an XOR gate, which can be converted to an XNOR gate by inverting the ...

  8. Satisfiability modulo theories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfiability_modulo_theories

    In computer science and mathematical logic, satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) is the problem of determining whether a mathematical formula is satisfiable.It generalizes the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) to more complex formulas involving real numbers, integers, and/or various data structures such as lists, arrays, bit vectors, and strings.

  9. Level shifter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_shifter

    In digital electronics, a level shifter, also called level converter or logic level shifter, or voltage level translator, is a circuit used to translate signals from one logic level or voltage domain to another, allowing compatibility between integrated circuits with different voltage requirements, such as TTL and CMOS.