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Side effects of CICs, besides menstrual bleeding changes, are minimal. [26] The most prominent side effects of CICs are menstrual irregularities during the first 3 to 6 months of use. [1] Dysmenorrhea has been reported in 30 to 65% of women. [26] Other side effects include breast tenderness/pain, headache, and libido changes. [26]
Extended or continuous use of COCPs or other combined hormonal contraceptives carries the same risk of side effects and medical risks as traditional COCP use. [citation needed] Pill Failure can happen with contraceptive pills and inadvertent pregnancies happen. [20] Use of oral contraceptive can impair muscle gains in young women. [21]
Birth control pills are the most commonly prescribed hormonal treatment for hirsutism, as they prevent ovulation and decrease androgen production by the ovaries. Additionally, estrogen in the pills stimulates the liver to produce more of a protein that binds to androgens and reduces their activity.
Combined hormonal contraception (CHC), or combined birth control, is a form of hormonal contraception which combines both an estrogen and a progestogen in varying formulations. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The different types available include the pill , the patch and the vaginal ring , which are all widely available, [ 3 ] and an injection , which is available ...
1-Oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup.They are a major component of biological membranes and can easily be obtained from a variety of readily available sources, such as egg yolk or soybeans, from which they are mechanically or chemically extracted using hexane.
Citicoline , also known as cytidine diphosphate-choline (CDP-choline) or cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine is an intermediate in the generation of phosphatidylcholine from choline, a common biochemical process in cell membranes. Citicoline is naturally occurring in the cells of human and animal tissue, in particular the organs.
However, typical use of combined oral contraceptive pills by users often consists of timing errors, forgotten pills, or unwanted side effects. With typical use, the estimated risk of getting pregnant is about 9% which means that about 9 in 100 women on combined oral contraceptive pills will become pregnant in one year. [41]
Progestogen-only pills may also be prescribed for individuals wanting an oral form of birth control but do not wish to use estrogen-containing methods due to medical contraindications, intolerable side effects, or personal preference. [8]